![]() The importance of taste lies in the fact that it allows an individual to select specific substances according to his/her desires and, frequently, according to the metabolic requirements of the corporeal tissues (3). As the impulses are propagated to the limbic system (as well as to upper cortical areas), some smells and tastes can unleash intense emotional responses of memory flows (1). The sensations arise by the interaction of molecules with the taste and smell receivers. The neural symptoms intermediating these sensations, the gustatory and olfactory systems are among those phylogenetically older in the encephalon and when they notice chemical substances in the oral and nasal cavities, they work together (1,2). In many cases, treating these alterations is not easy and there needs to be a multidisciplinary cooperation among the otorhinolaryngologist, endocrinologist, neurologist, psychiatrist, among others. The early discovery of such dysfunctions can lead to a more efficient treatment, making the progress of diseases causing them retard and the symptoms less severe. Conclusion: As a rule, smell and taste dysfunctions occur in a combined way. A detailed anamnesis, a careful physical examination and supplementary evaluations are important for the diagnosis of these alterations. Literature Review: Smell and taste dysfunctions have a vast etiology, the most significant of which are obstructive nasal and sinusal disease, infections of the upper respiratory tract, cranioencephalic trauma, aging, exposure to toxics and some drugs, nasal or intracranial neoplasias, psychiatric and neurological pathologies, iatrogenic disease, idiopathic and congenital causes. A non-systematic search was also made in scientific printings and medical books. Method: Automated databases were used to collect data, by searching keywords like 'alteration', 'smell', and 'taste'. ![]() Objective: Analyze the main features of smell and taste dysfunctions. Wide-ranging nosologic entities arise along with smell and taste alterations, and they can be congenital or acquired. ![]() Introduction: Taste and smell abnormalities have proven to be an extremely more complex subject than previously regarded. Smell, smell disorders, taste, taste disorders, sensory modalities, otorhinolaryngology. 2011 15(3):350-358įrancisco Xavier Palheta Neto1, Mauricio Neres Targino2, Victor Soares Peixoto2, Flávia Barata Alcântara3, Camila Corrêa de Jesus3, Dalila Costa de Araújo3, Eduardo Flávio de Lacerda Marçal Filho3. ![]() Sensorial abnormalities: Smell and taste. Palheta Neto FX, Targino MN, Peixoto VS, Alcântara FB, Jesus CC, Araújo DC, et al. ![]()
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